How can residual stresses be induced in welded components?

How can residual stresses be induced in welded components?

• A. Through the choice of filler material
• B. By improper shielding gas selection
• C. Due to uneven heating and cooling during the welding process
• D. Through excessive machining of the weld area

Answer: (C)

Residual stresses in welded components can be induced due to uneven heating and cooling during the welding process. When welding occurs, the heat affects the material's temperature and, consequently, its expansion and contraction. The areas that are heated become pliable and expand, while the cooler areas remain rigid. Upon cooling, the welded joint contracts, leading to differential movement between the heated and non-heated regions. This uneven cooling can result in internal stresses within the material, reflecting the non-uniform thermal gradients that developed during the welding process. These residual stresses can significantly affect the performance and integrity of the welded joint, potentially leading to issues such as warping, cracking, or reduced fatigue strength over time.

Residual stresses in welded components can be induced due to uneven heating and cooling during the welding process. When welding occurs, the heat affects the material's temperature and, consequently, its expansion and contraction. The areas that are heated become pliable and expand, while the cooler areas remain rigid. Upon cooling, the welded joint contracts, leading to differential movement between the heated and non-heated regions. This uneven cooling can result in internal stresses within the material, reflecting the non-uniform thermal gradients that developed during the welding process. These residual stresses can significantly affect the performance and integrity of the welded joint, potentially leading to issues such as warping, cracking, or reduced fatigue strength over time.